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Deer Island is a peninsula in Boston, Massachusetts. Since 1996, it is part of the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area. Although still an island by name, Deer Island has been connected to the mainland since the former Shirley Gut channel, which once separated the island from the town of Winthrop, was filled in by the 1938 New England hurricane. Today Deer Island is the location of the Deer Island Waste Water Treatment Plant, whose egg-like sludge digesters are major harbor landmarks.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.bostonislands.org/isle_deer.html )〕 The island has a permanent size of , plus an intertidal zone of a further . Two-thirds of the island's area is taken up with the waste water plant, which treats sewage from 43 nearby cities and towns and is the second largest such plant in the United States. The remainder of the island is park land surrounding the treatment plant, and offers walking, jogging, sightseeing, picnicking, and fishing.〔〔 ==History== It was once leased to Sir Thomas Temple (1614–1674),〔(Temple, Thomas, 1614-1674. Correspondence concerning Nova Scotia: Guide. ) Houghton Library, Harvard College Library〕 a British proprietor and governor of Nova Scotia, and said to be a descendent of the renowned Lady Godiva of Coventry〔cf. ("The Islands of Boston Harbor" ), in "Some Events of Boston and Its Neighbors", Chapter 4, printed for the State Street Trust Company, Boston, Massachusetts, 1917. "Deer Island was so called because deer often swam over from the mainland when chased by the wolves from Boston Neck. It was granted to Boston in 1634, and its use is too well known to require any description. It was leased at one time to Sir Thomas Temple, who was a descendant of Lady Godiva of Coventry fame, a rather curious relation to history for one of our islands to bear. During King Philip’s War Massachusetts confined many Christian Indians in this bleak spot, and John Eliot often visited and comforted them. It is owned by Boston, the State of Massachusetts, and the United States Government."〕〔(Sir Thomas Temple and early New England coinage ), from "First New England Coinage", in "Some Events of Boston and Its Neighbors", Chapter 7, printed for the State Street Trust Company, Boston, Massachusetts, 1917. "It is related that not long after the starting of the mint Charles II in great wrath questioned Sir Thomas Temple, the first agent officially despatched by the General Court to London, as to why this Colony presumed to invade His Majesty’s rights by coining money."〕 although this descent was debunked by E. A. Freeman in the 19th century.〔Discussed by N W Alcock in ''Warwickshire Grazier and London Skinner'' (OUP, 1981, page 7)〕 Sir Thomas Temple was also the uncle of John Nelson (1654–1734), a New England trader and statesman, who owned neighboring Long Island in Boston Harbor which at one time was also known as "Nelson's Island." Over the years, Deer Island has had several different uses. During King Philip's War (also known as Metacomet's War) in the 1670s, it was used as a place of internment. Christian "Praying Indians" were moved from Marlborough and Natick in spite of the efforts of John Eliot,〔Biglow, William. ''History of the Town of Natick from 1650 to 1830''. Page 25. ()〕 the minister of Roxbury, to prevent it. Most went to Deer Island, but at least one colony was sent to Long Island.〔cf. Winsor and Jewett, (''The Memorial History of Boston'' ), 1880, pp.320-1. "And by another vote, Eliot's colony of Praying Indians at Natick were removed to Deer Island in Boston harbor, with the consent of Mr. Shrimpton who owned it. ... Another colony of friendly Indians and prisoners were afterwards sent to Long Island, in the harbor."〕 Additionally, a group of nine Praying Indian women and their six children were sent to Great Brewster Island because they did not wish to join their husbands on Deer Island. 〔 〕 During the winter of 1675–76 between 500 and 1,100 American Indians were held on the island and, without adequate food or shelter and because of exposure to harsh winter weather, many died. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Deer Island (Massachusetts)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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